Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country statistics · 1990–present
Bosnia and Herzegovina at a Glance
Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to 3.2 million people as of 2024, with a population that is experiencing significant natural population decline. At a GDP per capita of $12,639, it is an upper-middle-income economy — reflecting a diversifying economy with growing consumer markets. Life expectancy at birth stands at 78.0 years, above the global average.
Population Trends
The total resident population stood at 3.2 million as of 2024. With a birth rate of 7.7 and a death rate of 13.5 per 1,000 people (2024), the natural growth rate stands at -5.8 per 1,000 — equivalent to roughly -18,359 additional residents each year from natural change alone.
Economy & Development
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a small economy, with a total GDP that is projected at $43 billion (2029 IMF projection). At $12,639 per person, it is classified as an upper-middle-income economy — reflecting a diversifying economy with growing consumer markets. Real GDP growth is projected at 3.0% in 2029, representing modest growth. The unemployment rate is projected at 12.6% (2029 IMF projection), indicating high unemployment.
Health & Society
Life expectancy at birth is 78.0 years (2024), above the global average. Current health expenditure per person is $773 (2023), representing limited per-capita healthcare spending. The adult literacy rate stands at 97.0% (2013), reflecting high literacy rates. 86.1% of the population use the internet (2024), indicating strong digital connectivity. Access to safe drinking water reaches 86.4% of the population (2024), representing broad access to safe drinking water.