Poland
Country statistics · 1990–present
Poland at a Glance
Poland is home to 36.6 million people as of 2024, with a population that is experiencing significant natural population decline. At a GDP per capita of $36,626, it is an upper-middle-income economy — reflecting a developed economy with strong living standards. Life expectancy at birth stands at 78.4 years, above the global average.
Population Trends
The total resident population stood at 36.6 million as of 2024. With a birth rate of 6.9 and a death rate of 11.2 per 1,000 people (2024), the natural growth rate stands at -4.3 per 1,000 — equivalent to roughly -157,205 additional residents each year from natural change alone.
Economy & Development
Poland is a major economy by global standards, with a total GDP that is projected at $1.3 trillion (2029 IMF projection). At $36,626 per person, it is classified as an upper-middle-income economy — reflecting a developed economy with strong living standards. Real GDP growth is projected at 2.6% in 2029, representing modest growth. The unemployment rate is projected at 3.4% (2029 IMF projection), indicating a relatively tight labour market.
Health & Society
Life expectancy at birth is 78.4 years (2024), above the global average. Current health expenditure per person is $2,014 (2024), representing moderate per-capita healthcare spending. The adult literacy rate stands at 98.7% (1978), reflecting near-universal literacy. 88.6% of the population use the internet (2024), indicating strong digital connectivity. Access to safe drinking water reaches 88.7% of the population (2024), representing broad access to safe drinking water.