Latvia
Country statistics · 1990–present
Latvia at a Glance
Latvia is home to 1.9 million people as of 2024, with a population that is experiencing significant natural population decline. At a GDP per capita of $34,017, it is an upper-middle-income economy — reflecting a developed economy with strong living standards. Life expectancy at birth stands at 76.4 years, close to the global average.
Population Trends
The total resident population stood at 1.9 million as of 2024. With a birth rate of 6.9 and a death rate of 14.3 per 1,000 people (2024), the natural growth rate stands at -7.4 per 1,000 — equivalent to roughly -13,809 additional residents each year from natural change alone.
Economy & Development
Latvia is a smaller economy, with a total GDP that is projected at $63 billion (2029 IMF projection). At $34,017 per person, it is classified as an upper-middle-income economy — reflecting a developed economy with strong living standards. Real GDP growth is projected at 2.4% in 2029, representing modest growth. The unemployment rate is projected at 6.4% (2029 IMF projection), indicating moderate unemployment.
Health & Society
Life expectancy at birth is 76.4 years (2024), close to the global average. Current health expenditure per person is $1,645 (2023), representing moderate per-capita healthcare spending. The adult literacy rate stands at 99.9% (2011), reflecting near-universal literacy. 92.7% of the population use the internet (2024), indicating near-universal internet access. Access to safe drinking water reaches 97.0% of the population (2024), representing near-universal access to safe drinking water.