India
Country statistics · 1990–present
India at a Glance
India is home to 1.45 billion people as of 2024, with a population that is growing rapidly. At a GDP per capita of $3,700, it is a low-income economy — reflecting an economy where significant development opportunity remains. Life expectancy at birth stands at 72.2 years, below the global average.
Population Trends
The total resident population stood at 1.45 billion as of 2024. With a birth rate of 16.0 and a death rate of 6.6 per 1,000 people (2024), the natural growth rate stands at 9.4 per 1,000 — equivalent to roughly 14 million additional residents each year from natural change alone.
Economy & Development
India is one of the largest economies in the world, with a total GDP that is projected at $5.6 trillion (2029 IMF projection). At $3,700 per person, it is classified as a low-income economy — reflecting an economy where significant development opportunity remains. Real GDP growth is projected at 6.5% in 2029, representing strong expansion. The unemployment rate is projected at 4.9% (2029 IMF projection), indicating a relatively tight labour market.
Health & Society
Life expectancy at birth is 72.2 years (2024), below the global average. Current health expenditure per person is $85 (2023), representing very low per-capita healthcare spending, a common constraint in lower-income economies. The adult literacy rate stands at 78.2% (2024), reflecting literacy rates that remain a key development focus. 70.0% of the population use the internet (2025), indicating growing but uneven digital access. Access to safe drinking water reaches 76.4% of the population (2024), representing majority access to safe drinking water, though gaps remain.